Pedagogy is the "how" (methodology) and "why" (philosophy) of teaching. For instance, the instructor has students work in teams to evaluate ecological scenarios and categorize them. This inquiry-based approach helps students develop critical thinking and independent problem-solving skills, rather than relying on the instructor. Curriculum and pedagogy deeply shape and are shaped by culture. What knowledge is valued, conserved, and exalted is reflects and is reflected in the decisions we make about what we teach, how we teach, and why we teach.
Curriculum and pedagogy or executed in a particular learning environment. This learning environment does not only include the characteristics of a physical or digital space like desks or the Zoom interface; it also includes all conditions under which someone learns - the socio-emotional and cultural conditions also play a part.